Investing offshore: A diversification strategy

By investing offshore, you generally can achieve better risk/return characteristics.

Many South African investors are starting to realise that having a healthy offshore allocation to their portfolio has been handsomely rewarding, especially over the last 10 years.

Investing offshore requires investors to take a long-term view such as seven to 10 years, and for this example, we will look at investing in a USD portfolio. Here are some reasons why you need to take a long-term view:

  • Although US interest rates have increased over the last year to 5%, one cannot invest offshore in interest-generating asset classes such as cash investments, as this asset class will not give you a chance of beating inflation or generating long-term wealth.
  • Therefore, equities would be the preferred asset class for an offshore portfolio. Equities, by nature, are volatile which means that you will need to remain invested for long periods to ‘ride out’ market volatility.
  • The stock market has tended to recover from downturns and corrections over time. While it can be tempting to sell off your investments during market downturns, staying invested and riding out the volatility can often lead to higher returns in the long run.
  • Long-term investing can help you benefit from the power of compounding. By reinvesting dividends and capital gains back into your investments, you can potentially earn returns on your returns, leading to exponential growth over time.

Here are some reasons why you should invest offshore:

  • A diversification strategy to grow your wealth over the long term.
  • To gain exposure to international markets and investment opportunities that are not available in South Africa.
  • By investing offshore, you generally can achieve better risk/return characteristics through this diversification strategy.
  • To find value in first-world markets for long-term growth and potentially, superior returns
  • To hedge against a depreciating rand. The ZAR has depreciated against the USD by over 50% in the last five years alone. Many analysts and economists predict further depreciation over the long term going forward.

Source: Google Finance

The question often posed is, do you take money offshore even when the rand is weak?

This all depends on the investor’s willingness to pay the price of the foreign currency at the time they are wanting to invest. The risk, however, is that if you wait, the rand may weaken even further, and you will not be invested in the market. The sooner you get into the market the better. Although the exchange rate is an important factor when taking money offshore, the focus of investing offshore is to grow your wealth in USD terms.

A recent study conducted by Ninety One illustrates that the average annualised return was similar when investors initially invested in times of the rand being strong, and the rand being weak.

Long-term investors generally focus on the bigger picture and tend to be comfortable with market and exchange rate volatility.

When deciding to invest offshore, you can either invest directly in shares, unit trusts, or in a wrapper structure such as endowments and sinking funds. Wrapper structures impose a five-year restriction period, but this should not deter you from investing in these structures since offshore investing requires you to take a long-term view.

Here is a summary of the endowment and sinking fund structure: 

Consider making use of offshore endowments and/or sinking fund structures
Probate There is no probate applicable to the investment when beneficiaries are nominated. This should not cause delays for the local estate to be administered.
Taxation Income tax is applied at 30% and capital gains tax at 12%
Situs tax Capital and/or direct share portfolios that are held within a wrapper-type investment are not subject to Situs (death tax) in the US or UK.
Investment continuity Beneficiaries can be nominated, which creates continuity and generational wealth.
Protection against creditors Endowment: Yes (subject to certain conditions)
Sinking fund: No
Liquidity on death Endowment: The beneficiary must continue with the five-year term in the event they receive the benefit during the restricted five-year period.
Sinking funds: The proceeds of the investment become fully liquid upon the death of the contract owner
Executor’s fees Provided that beneficiaries are nominated, the investment does not attract any executor’s fees because it is handled outside the estate.

Diversification is one of the most important ways to balance risk and return in an investment portfolio. How much offshore allocation to have will purely depend on the investor’s unique circumstances and risk profile.

All investment decisions are best decided with the guidance of a trusted wealth advisor.

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